PrepTest 136, Section 3, Question 27
Most people acknowledge that not all governments have(453 more words not shown)
In the passage, the author(3 more words not shown)
- Adescribe the development(7 more words not shown)
- Bestablish that a(9 more words not shown)
- Cargue that two(9 more words not shown)
- Ddefend a particular(11 more words not shown)
- Edemonstrate that proponents(10 more words not shown)
Reading the passage
The author identifies two criticisms, then answers them one at a time. In each case, the response is that the alleged consequence doesn't follow from philosophical anarchism. Predict a defense against mistaken criticism, not a complete proof of the theory or an account of its history.
Working the answers
- A
We learn what the theory says, but not how it developed over time. Introducing its position provides the background for answering its critics; historical development isn't the main task.
- B
The argument doesn't establish that the entire theory conforms to common sense. It shows that two particular attacks misrepresent what follows from it. That is a narrower achievement.
- C
This accepts the very connection the author disputes. The author doesn't defend the two implications as morally acceptable; the author denies that they are necessary implications at all.
- DCorrect
The theory is defended against its critics by explaining the mistakes in their arguments. Moral differences among governments remain possible, and people retain duties to one another. Those are the two parts of the defense.
- E
The author doesn't concede these alleged defects and show that supporters know about them. Instead, the author argues that the critics have attributed consequences the theory doesn't entail. Awareness of a defect and rejection of an alleged defect are different responses.
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