PrepTest 105, Section 3, Question 1
Until recently, many biologists believed that invertebrate "schools"(448 more words not shown)
Which one of the following(8 more words not shown)
- AThe optimal size(17 more words not shown)
- BThe internal structure(13 more words not shown)
- CAlthough in many(21 more words not shown)
- DCertain invertebrates have(14 more words not shown)
- EInvertebrate schooling is(12 more words not shown)
Reading the passage
We've already predicted the main point: some invertebrates really do school, and doing so brings benefits along with costs. Most of the discussion explains the benefits; the ending shows why a school can become too large. Look for that central discovery, not just one detail about how schools work.
Working the answers
- A
Optimal size is a point at the end, not the main idea of the whole discussion. The claim that competition is its primary determinant also adds a ranking we aren't given.
- B
This narrows the discussion to structure and defensive maneuvers. It leaves out the discovery that certain invertebrates form schools and the broader explanation of schooling's benefits.
- C
Fish provide a familiar comparison. We aren't shown how their schools differ from invertebrate schools, so this isn't the comparison-and-contrast account described here.
- DCorrect
Researchers have found invertebrates that “form schools as fish do,” and the following paragraphs explain several advantages. This is close to our prediction, although it leaves out the costs. That omission doesn't make it wrong: D identifies the central finding without claiming schooling has no drawbacks.
- E
Both protection and finding food are benefits. We aren't told one matters more than the other. This substitutes an unsupported ranking for the main idea.
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