PrepTest 120, Section 2, Question 24
Until recently, biologists were unable to explain the(439 more words not shown)
Which one of the following(8 more words not shown)
- Aintroduction of a(29 more words not shown)
- Bintroduction of a(29 more words not shown)
- Cintroduction of a(29 more words not shown)
- Dintroduction of a(22 more words not shown)
- Eintroduction of a(22 more words not shown)
Reading the passage
My rough outline is a puzzle, a new explanation, examples, and an exception. The choices require a more precise map, especially the difference between the explanation and its implication.
What we’re looking for
The first paragraph explains how transmission can outweigh the losses caused by incapacitating a host. The next paragraph then explicitly introduces “One implication”: virulence depends on the mode of transmission. The cold and mosquito examples illustrate that relationship, and the final paragraph qualifies the usual comparison with the sit-and-wait cases.
Working the answers
- ACorrect
This gives that order: anomaly, explanation, implication, two examples, exceptions. The anomaly is host-incapacitating behavior; the two examples are rhinoviruses and mosquito-carried pathogens. The later exceptions concern directly transmitted pathogens that can survive outside their hosts.
- B
This puts the implication after the examples and exceptions. It actually appears before both, at the start of the second paragraph.
- C
The implication is again placed too late. The final paragraph also does more than add ordinary examples: it introduces exceptions to the usual direct-versus-vector comparison.
- D
This skips the explanation in the first paragraph and presents the next step as an implication of the anomaly itself. The virulence prediction follows from the proposed explanation.
- E
The explanation comes before the cold and mosquito examples, not after them. Those examples illustrate the transmission relationship rather than merely repeat the original puzzle.
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