PrepTest 157, Section 1, Question 20
Some environmentalists claim that the higher the international(435 more words not shown)
Which one of the following(9 more words not shown)
- AWhile some environmentalists(19 more words not shown)
- BAlthough some environmentalists(18 more words not shown)
- CFurther study will(13 more words not shown)
- DThe arguments of(21 more words not shown)
- EInternational debt may(16 more words not shown)
Reading the passage
We already predicted the main point: the environmentalists haven't adequately established the connection between debt and harm to quality of life. The author challenges both the evidence about exports and the assumption that reduced domestic spending must be harmful.
What we’re looking for
Keep the strength of the conclusion straight. Weak support for a harmful effect is different from proof that there is no harmful effect.
Working the answers
- ACorrect
This captures the claim under examination and the author's judgment about its evidence. The studies are limited, several environmental effects remain unstudied, and spending cuts can prevent harmful projects as well as eliminate beneficial ones.
- B
We cannot safely conclude that debt causes no environmental damage. The author says the extent of its connection to quality of life remains unknown. B turns an evidentiary limitation into a definite finding of no effect.
- C
The author doesn't predict what further research will demonstrate. Additional study could reveal a stronger harmful relationship, a weaker one, or something more complicated. Present uncertainty isn't a forecast that the environmentalists will be disproved.
- D
No fundamental misunderstanding of economic theory is identified. The criticism concerns the support for the proposed effects and the possibility of consequences the environmentalists overlook.
- E
The author doesn't measure the harmful effects as minor or establish that benefits offset them. Some spending cuts could help the environment, but that possibility doesn't settle the overall balance.
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