PrepTest 148, Section 2, Question 27
There are some basic conceptual problems hovering about(451 more words not shown)
Which one of the following(23 more words not shown)
- AOne particular district(23 more words not shown)
- BA store launched(22 more words not shown)
- CMuch more of(26 more words not shown)
- DInternet traffic is(21 more words not shown)
- EThe cheetah is(20 more words not shown)
Reading the passage
The mistake is treating an observed increase as if it identifies the only place where relevant activity occurs. Subtraction makes changes stand out, while ongoing activity can disappear from view. We want an example that similarly moves from where an increase was observed to where an effect must be confined.
Working the answers
- A
A large winning margin in one district is used to infer that the district was necessary for victory. That is a claim about indispensability, not a claim that an effect exists only where an increase appears.
- BCorrect
More shoppers appear only in summer, and the conclusion says the advertisements affected only summer shoppers. But the campaign could have helped maintain shopper numbers in other seasons. No observed increase would not prove no effect, just as no displayed increase would not prove no ongoing brain activity. The campaign’s other effects are possible, not established; that possibility exposes the faulty inference.
- C
This moves from a sector’s larger water use to greater harm during drought. It does not confuse a change from a baseline with the full extent of an effect.
- D
This infers where traffic originates from when it peaks. An unsupported origin claim is a different error from ignoring activity that does not register as an increase.
- E
This moves from short-distance supremacy to a long-distance comparison. It does not mistake an observed increase for the only place an effect occurs.
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