PrepTest 112, Section 2, Question 17
Discussions of how hormones influence behavior have generally(431 more words not shown)
It can be inferred from(12 more words not shown)
- AThe amount secreted(10 more words not shown)
- BThe amount secreted(13 more words not shown)
- CIt works in(8 more words not shown)
- DIt works in(8 more words not shown)
- EIt is secreted(12 more words not shown)
Reading the passage
We know vasopressin helps conserve water. The question could test any supported fact about it, though, so I wouldn't stop with that memory. We also need to check when secretion increases, when it is inhibited, and how its timing relates to thirst.
Working the answers
- A
Steroid hormones appear in the opening, but we aren't told that their levels control how much vasopressin is secreted. The detailed example connects secretion to fluid concentration.
- BCorrect
Does it matter in both directions? Check the two cases. After too much water, the body inhibits vasopressin secretion so it can excrete the surplus. When the fluids become too concentrated, it releases vasopressin to conserve water. Less in one case and more in the other both help restore balance. The answer says the amount matters in both cases, not that the body releases more in both.
- C
No joint action between vasopressin and steroid hormones to increase plasma volume is described. Mentioning both types of hormones doesn't establish that partnership.
- D
The same problem applies here. The broad discussion connects hormones with salt consumption, but it doesn't identify vasopressin and steroids working together to regulate sodium appetite.
- E
The order is backward. Thirst begins only following the release of vasopressin (paragraph 2) in amounts sufficient for maximum kidney water retention. E puts secretion after thirst. That timing is enough to reject it; we don't need to claim one directly causes the other.
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