PrepTest 147, Section 3, Question 16
The following passage is based on an article(425 more words not shown)
According to the passage, which(6 more words not shown)
- AComparative clinical trials(12 more words not shown)
- BClinical researchers are(20 more words not shown)
- CA clinical trial(24 more words not shown)
- DA comparative clinical(17 more words not shown)
- EMedical researchers generally(14 more words not shown)
Reading the passage
Keep the two standards separate. Theoretical equipoise requires each researcher's judgment to be exactly balanced. Clinical equipoise allows a preference, provided the researcher recognizes substantial professional support for the less-favored treatment. For this broad retrieval question, check the particular claim against those distinctions and the author's actual wording.
Working the answers
- A
Meeting one requirement doesn't establish that a trial generally has no ethical problems. Equipoise addresses the treatment-comparison issue; the account doesn't say satisfying it resolves every ethical concern.
- B
The second paragraph describes what could happen if theoretical equipoise were strictly followed. It doesn't report that researchers are often forced to suspend actual trials. A predicted consequence is not a statement about observed frequency.
- CCorrect
The last paragraph says a researcher may have a decided treatment preference and that this is “no ethical bar to participation.” Preference alone therefore doesn't make the comparison unethical; the professional disagreement required for clinical equipoise can remain.
- D
Recognizing reasonable expert disagreement doesn't require each researcher to have no preference. A trial could satisfy clinical equipoise while a participant decisively favors one treatment, so it need not satisfy theoretical equipoise.
- E
Theoretical equipoise is the conception described as typically employed. Clinical equipoise is the author's proposed alternative, not a standard the author says researchers already generally follow.
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