PrepTest 152, Section 3, Question 26
Physicists posit that at first our universe was(435 more words not shown)
It can be inferred from(14 more words not shown)
- AThe multiverse originated(4 more words not shown)
- BThe initial state(7 more words not shown)
- CA hot and(8 more words not shown)
- DThe multiverse is(7 more words not shown)
- EThe second law(10 more words not shown)
Reading the passage
Keep the two settings separate as we check these inferences. Our universe began small, hot, and dense. Carroll and Chen's proposed larger background resembles cold, empty space and has high entropy. Swapping the background with our own beginning would change the account.
Working the answers
- A
The Big Bang begins our universe. We are not told that the multiverse itself originated in a big bang; the second paragraph expressly separates the beginning of our universe from that larger whole.
- B
Cold, empty space is the proposed more common background condition. The opening identifies our universe's own initial state as tiny, hot, and dense. These are different parts of the explanation, not interchangeable descriptions of our beginning.
- CCorrect
The fourth paragraph asks why there was a “small, hot, and dense universe” to begin with. Its next sentence calls that “Such a low entropy universe.” Follow the reference: such points back to the state just described. The author therefore treats the hot, dense beginning as a low-entropy state; we don't need outside physics to establish that connection.
- D
Our universe belongs to a multiverse. That doesn't establish another level in which the multiverse itself belongs to a still larger system of multiverses. No such hierarchy is described.
- E
The second law is used here to discuss time, but that doesn't tell us why it was originally formulated. Carroll and Chen's research question and the historical purpose of the law are different things. The account supplies the former, not the latter.
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