PrepTest 110, Section 1, Question 13
In the eighteenth century the French naturalist Jean(442 more words not shown)
The passage suggests that many(9 more words not shown)
- AAn organ's use(7 more words not shown)
- BSome but not(5 more words not shown)
- CAll genes are(2 more words not shown)
- DSome but not(5 more words not shown)
- EAll genes are(2 more words not shown)
Reading the passage
Watch the direction: what do biologists no longer believe? The new evidence points to genes acquired horizontally, from sources other than ancestors. We need an old belief that this discovery overturns, not a description of the new view.
Working the answers
- A
This only says that using an organ can affect its development. It doesn't say an acquired change passes to offspring. The opening's dispute concerns inheritance; it doesn't establish that biologists have abandoned this more basic claim.
- B
Some horizontal inheritance fits the new evidence. This is something biologists can now believe, not what they are giving up.
- C
We are not told that biologists previously believed all genes came horizontally. A claim that isn't accepted now is not necessarily one that used to be accepted.
- D
This also fits the new account: most genes come from ancestors, while some come from other sources. It preserves vertical inheritance without making it universal.
- ECorrect
If genes can be acquired from viruses, plasmids, and other environmental sources, they cannot all come from ancestors. There isn't one neat sentence announcing the old all-vertical belief. The inference comes from the contrast between the earlier rejection, the new discoveries, and the final paragraph's division into vertical and horizontal acquisition.
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