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- Question 12
Passage A Charles Darwin is a sterling example(493 more words not shown)
Passage A(273 more words not shown)
Passage B(228 more words not shown)
Which one of the following,(18 more words not shown)
- ASome members of(12 more words not shown)
- BOther researchers have(18 more words not shown)
- CBoth Arp and(13 more words not shown)
- DMuch of Arp(19 more words not shown)
- EScientists working in(20 more words not shown)
Reading the passage
B's criticism is that the astrophysics community has been dismissive rather than curious and creative about a challenge to its accepted explanation. Evidence that the community is open to similarly challenging ideas would weaken that diagnosis.
Working the answers
- A
Some receptive members don't do much to undermine a description qualified by “by and large.” A minority could welcome the work while the community generally remains dismissive.
- BCorrect
Equally radical redshift interpretations received a more positive response. That suggests radicalness alone may not explain the rejection of Arp and Tifft. The community may have some other reason for treating their work differently, which weakens the claim that it is simply closed to challenges.
- C
This describes Arp and Tifft's own skepticism. The target is the community's attitude toward them.
- D
Accepting routine work doesn't show openness to work that challenges the prevailing explanation. A dogmatic community could readily welcome research that leaves its assumptions intact.
- E
Other fields being more resistant wouldn't show that astrophysics is sufficiently open. Someone can be tall even if someone else is taller; being less resistant than another group doesn't undo the criticism here.
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