PrepTest 136, Section 2, Question 14
Only Canadian films are shown at the Lac(22 more words not shown)
If the above statements are(11 more words not shown)
- AThis year, most(19 more words not shown)
- BMost of the(13 more words not shown)
- CSome of the(13 more words not shown)
- DThis year, not(20 more words not shown)
- EThis year, at(21 more words not shown)
Reading the argument
Some Canadian films won international prizes. That's the safe conclusion.
Every film shown at Lac Nichoutec is Canadian. Most of that festival's prizewinners also won international prizes. So the group that won prizes in both places contains Canadian films.
Try some numbers. Imagine a hundred Canadian films, ten of which won prizes at Lac Nichoutec. If six of those ten also won international prizes, the facts would fit. Six is most of the ten local prizewinners. It isn't most of the hundred Canadian films, and we haven't counted all the films shown internationally.
What we’re looking for
For a must-be-true question, keep the groups straight. We can guarantee that some international prizewinners were Canadian without claiming a majority of any larger group.
Working the answers
- A
This starts with Canadian films shown internationally and claims that most won prizes at Lac Nichoutec. Our majority runs the other way: most Lac Nichoutec prizewinners won international prizes. There could be many additional Canadian films shown internationally that won nothing at Lac Nichoutec.
- B
We don't know what proportion of all Canadian films produced this year appeared at this one festival. The rule tells us that every film shown there is Canadian. It doesn't tell us that most Canadian films were shown there. There could be many more Canadian films outside the festival.
- CCorrect
Take any film in the overlap of the two groups of prizewinners. It won at Lac Nichoutec, so it was a Canadian film. It also won internationally. That establishes that some international prizewinners were Canadian, without making an unsupported claim about how large a share they were.
- D
“Most” doesn't require exceptions; all the local prizewinners could have won international prizes. Even a local winner that didn't win internationally could still have been shown at an international festival. Neither part of the evidence guarantees a local winner that wasn't shown internationally.
- E
The international festivals might have awarded their prizes only to films also shown at Lac Nichoutec. That may sound unlikely in the real world, but the statements don't rule it out. We cannot guarantee an international winner outside the local festival just because the international festivals sound broader.
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