PrepTest 103, Section 2, Question 16

What we’re looking for

Working the answers

• A

  This gives conditions that most restaurants need to succeed. It does not say meeting those conditions guarantees success. A restaurant could have a good location and good publicity and still fail.

  The “most” statements also leave exceptions, whereas the original's rules cover every relevant play. A jumps from limited claims about requirements and publicity to a guarantee of success. It lacks the original's two routes that both establish the same outcome.

• B

  A best-selling cookbook must have both good writing and beautiful photographs. Cleveland's book has those features, but another well-written, beautifully photographed book could sell poorly. Having features shared by best sellers does not guarantee being one.

  The structure differs too. B starts with two features that every member has together, then uses those features to place one book into the group. The original starts with two possible routes and shows that either leads the whole group to commercial success.

• C
  Correct

  The second-year Freeman students match the new plays that ran more than three months. Studying desserts matches commercial success; studying soups matches critical success.

  Every relevant student studies desserts or soups. Anyone on the soup route this year also studies desserts. So a student either studies desserts directly or studies soups and therefore desserts as well. Every student in the starting group ends up studying desserts.

  The time restriction matches too: the original's critical-to-commercial connection applies last year, and this connection applies this year. Each conclusion stays within the period covered by its rule.

• D

  This rule explicitly forbids overlap: a celebrity chef opens a restaurant or writes books, but not both. Endicott opens a restaurant, so the other option is excluded. That reasoning works, but it works by eliminating one possibility.

  The original instead relies on overlap. Critical successes also count as commercial successes, which brings both routes to the same result. D uses a different relationship between the two alternatives.

• E

  A Woodside catering service accepts both types of assignment. Peggy's refuses business assignments, so it lacks a required feature of a Woodside service and must fall outside that group. That reasoning works too.

  But excluding one business because it lacks a requirement does not match showing that every member of a group reaches the same outcome through either of two routes. The original does not eliminate a particular play from the starting group.